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KMID : 1024520140230030447
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Journal of the Environmental Sciences
2014 Volume.23 No. 3 p.447 ~ p.457
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Characteristics of the Number and the Mass Concentrations and the Elemental Compositions of PM10 in Jeju Area
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Kang Chang-Hee
Huh Chul-Gu
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Abstract
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The number concentrations, the mass concentrations and the elemental concentrations of PM10 have measured at Gosan site in Jeju, Korea, from March 2010 to December 2010. And the correlation and the factor analysis for the number, the mass and the elemental concentrations of PM10 are performed to identify their relationships and sources. The average PM10 number concentration is observed 246 particles/㎝3(35.7∼1,017 particles/㎝3) and the average PM10 mass concentration is shown 50.1㎍/㎥(16.7∼441.4 ㎍/㎥) during this experimental period. The number concentrations are significantly decreased with increasing particle size, hence the concentrations for the smaller particles less than 2.5 ㎛(PM2.5) are contributed 99.6% to the total PM10 number concentrations. The highest concentration of the 20 elements in PM10 determined in this study is shown by S with a mean value of 1,497 ng/㎥ and the lowest concentration of them is found by Cd with a mean value of 0.57 ng/㎥. The elements in PM10 are evidently classified into two group based on their concentrations: In group 1, including S>Na>Al>Fe>Ca>Mg>K, the elemental mean concentrations are higher than several hundred ng/㎥, on the other hand, the concentrations are lower than several ten ng/㎥ in group 2, including Zn>Mn>Ni>Ti>Cr>Co>Cu>Mo>Sr>Ba>V >Cd. The size-separated number concentrations are shown positively correlated with the mass concentrations in overall size ranges, although their correlation coefficients, which are monotonously increased or decreased with size range, are not high. The concentrations of the elements in group 1 are shown highly correlated with the mass concentrations, but the concentrations in group 2 are shown hardly correlated with the mass concentrations. The elements originated from natural sources have been predominantly related to the mass concentrations while the elements from anthropogenic sources have mainly affected on the number concentrations of PM10.
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KEYWORD
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PM10, Number concentration, Mass concentration, Element composition, Correlation analysis, Factor analysis, Jeju
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